Important people in 17th century england
Under James I the Divine Rights of Kings was introduced. This meant that kings got their power directly from God. The kings were known as Gods representatives. James I acted like a tyrant and only wanted more money and power for himself. He disliked the Puritans. Died in 1625.
Oliver Cromwell was a Puritan who lead the New Model Army. After the English Civil War and the republic he became known as Lord Protector. He marched into parliament and took it forcefully. During his rule England was divided. he also created the Calvinists Blue Laws.
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Charles I was the son of James I. He, like his father, believed in the Divine Rights of Kings. He loved art and luxury items and also loved collecting taxes and more money and power. He ignored the rights listed in the Magna Carta and was unwilling to work with parliament. He had three main causes that lead to the fight with parliament which are collecting money, Petition of right and new advisors.
Charles II took the throne in 1660. He wanted to influence who was elected in parliament. He secretly wanted to gain back his fathers absolute power. He bribed, blackmailed, and persuaded people in exchange for seats in parliament. Died in 1685.
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The Duke of Buckingham was the advisor of James I who later became his sons advisor. He led King Charles I into one disaster after another such as wars. Later on he was assonated.
James II gained comtrol of the throne when his brother, Charles II, died. He was openly catholic which created a problem for parliament. He would give official titles to Catholics and the people of England didnt want a Catholic King. He ruled under the Divine Rights of Kings. When rebellion broke out, James II fled England leaving the throne unclaimed. This is Known as the glorius revoulution.
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Lord Strafford and Archbishop Laud were hired after The Duke of Buckingham died. Charles I wanted them to bring England into royal control. Laud wanted more decoration and rituals in Church. This lead to the Puritans revolt, destroying churches and the things in them.
Mary and William of Orange took control of the throne when James II fled England and parliament told them to come. Mary was James's protestant daughter and her husband was William of Orange. They became the king and Queen of England.
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